I. Kho qhov tsis xws luag (Nto-qib thiab tsis cuam tshuam rau kev ncaj ncees)
1. Kos, abrasions, me me quav: Rau khawb khawb (feem ntau<30μm), localized grinding with an angle grinder or belt sander can smooth the surface. The wall thickness after grinding must not be lower than the minimum allowable value (usually not exceeding a negative deviation of 10%).
2. Cov txheej txheem sab nrauv, cov kab plaub hau tawg, thiab nti (pem hauv ntej): Yog tias tsis nkag mus rau lub substrate, txheej txheej txawv txav tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev tig los yog polishing. Tom qab kho, eddy tam sim no sim los yog sib nqus particle xeem yuav tsum tau kom paub meej tias qhov tsis muaj cov seem seem.
3. Localized pits thiab ntxhib qhov chaw: Yog hais tias tsis nkag mus rau cov yeeb nkab phab ntsa thiab tsis cuam tshuam lub zog, lawv yuav ua tau hauv av du. Rau cov ntaub ntawv kho kom zoo nkauj, sandblasting ua ke nrog txheej txheej tuaj yeem siv los zais qhov tsis xws luag.
4. Cov xov puas lawm (cov hniav lwj): kev puas tsuaj me ntawm qhov chaw pib tuaj yeem kho tau los ntawm re-tapping lossis dov. Rau siab - daim ntawv thov kev thov, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov xov hlau ntxig los txhawb kev sib txuas. ✅ Txhua qhov kev kho yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb, thiab kuaj ultrasonic, kuaj hydrostatic, thiab ntsuas qhov ntev yuav tsum tau ua tom qab kho kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntseeg tau.
II. Irreversible Defects (Involving Internal Organization lossis Structural Damage)
1. Internal folds, delamination, inclusions, porosity: Cov no yog cov kev ua haujlwm hauv lub koom haum uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov khoom siv tsis zoo lossis cov txheej txheem tho tsis zoo. Lawv tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev kho saum npoo thiab tag nrho cov raj yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg.
2. Los ntawm-- phab ntsa tawg: Cov no tau nkag mus rau phab ntsa raj. Kev kho vuam yuav qhia txog qhov kev ntxhov siab tshiab, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo siab heev ntawm kev xau. Kev kho thiab siv yog txwv nruj heev.
3. Cov phab ntsa tuab tuab tsis sib xws, bulges: Cov no yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev tswj tsis tau dov thiab kho tsis tau. Lawv yog cov irreversible geometric defects thiab ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj tawg.
4. Deep scratches (>30μm): Cov no yog ib qho yooj yim mus rau hauv qaug zog tawg nyob rau hauv alternating loads. Lawv raug suav hais tias yog siab - muaj kev pheej hmoo tsis xws luag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv siab - lub zog siab, thiab kev hloov pauv tau pom zoo.
