1. Kev tshuaj xyuas thiab macroscopic morpholog tsom xam
Nto qhov tsis xws:
Nrig: linear los yog muab kauv tawg ntawm sab hauv thiab sab nraud, qhov tob tshaj lossis sib npaug nrog 1 hli, nrog ntse xaus.
Folds: Nruam Nruam lossis txuas ntxiv sib tshooj ua ke hauv kab / muab kauv rau sab nraud lossis sab hauv, sib tsoo sab hauv lossis kev sib tsoo.
Cov plaub hau tawg: Zoo plaub hau, cov plaub hau {{0} Zoo li cov kab nrib pleb sab nraud, muaj feem xyuam nrog cov hlau tsis zoo lossis tsis tiav.
Cuab tam -} Pab tau kev kuaj xyuas: siv lub khob tsom iav lossis endoscope kom pom cov chaw zais cia, xws li qhov muag tsis pom ntawm lub raj kawg.
2. Tsis -} kev sim cov txuj ci
Kev sim ultrasonic (UT):
Ntev nras tawg: Siv transverse waim sab nraud ntsuas kev sim siab, lub suab nqaj suab hais raws li lub qhov cub.
Transverse cracks: siv transverse Wave Kev Kuaj Axial, lub suab ci nqaj propagates axially.
Folds / Lamints: Ntev Wave Dual -} Crystal Ncaj Kev Kuaj, High rhiab.
Eddy kev sim tam sim no (li): nkag siab txog saum npoo taw thaum tsis xws luag, haum rau kev kuaj sai.
Sib nqus partle kuaj (MT): Nrhiav tau ntawm cov khoom tawg sab hauv cov ntaub ntawv ferromagnetic, yuav tsum tau cov khoom siv hlau nplaum.
3. Metallographic thiab Cov Ntawv Tshawb Xyuas Cov Tsom iav
Metallographic Kev Ntsuam Xyuas: Tom qab kuaj thiab etching, saib cov txheej txheem decarburized, thiab cov qauv uas (xws li cov leeg nqaij, txhuas oxide).
Kev Ntsuas Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob (SEM): Txheeb xyuas lub micphoptic morphoury ntawm kev tawg (xws li Decarburized txheej) thiab kev ntxhov siab kho tshuab.
4. Txheej txheem ua haujlwm pov thawj
Flattening / Flaring kuaj: Simulates qhov txheej txheem deformation, muab cov quav los yog cov khoom tawg.
Kev Kuaj Hardness: Thaj chaw ua tawv tawv tsis muaj zog yuav nrog cov kab nrib pleb microscopic.
