I. Kev Teb Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev: Ua Kom Zoo Rau -Site Safety
1. Kev kaw tam sim thiab cais tawm
Thaum pom qhov tawg, tam sim ntawd kaw qhov nruab nrab (piv txwv li, roj, roj, dej), depressurize, thiab cais cov ntu tawg kom tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev nthuav dav hauv siab lossis kev co thiab ua rau muaj kev sib tsoo.
2. Kos npe thiab kaw
Kos qhov chaw, kev taw qhia, thiab qhov ntev ntawm qhov tawg nrog tus cim thiab thaij duab rau yav tom ntej kev txheeb xyuas thiab taug qab.
3. Kev ntsuam xyuas ua ntej ntawm Kev Nyab Xeeb Qib
Yog hais tias qhov tawg nkag mus rau hauv cov yeeb nkab phab ntsa los yog nyob rau hauv siab - qhov kev nyuab siab xws li welds los yog luj tshib, nws yog ib qho teeb meem loj thiab yuav tsum tau hloov. Yog tias nws yog qhov tawg ntawm qhov tob tob uas tsis tau nthuav dav, kev ntsuam xyuas tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb puas yuav kho lossis txo qis cov yeeb nkab.
II. Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb kom paub meej tias qhov xwm txheej tawg
1. Magnetic Particle Inspection (MT)
Haum rau cov ntaub ntawv ferromagnetic xws li carbon steel thiab hlau alloy, nws tuaj yeem ntes tau qhov chaw thiab ze rau -surface microcracks (rhiab heev txog 0.1μm). Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, xyuas kom meej tias cov kev taw qhia magnetization yog perpendicular mus rau qhov tawg kom tsis txhob ploj mus.
2. Ultrasonic Testing (UT): Muaj peev xwm nkag mus thiab kuaj qhov tob, qhov ntev, thiab kev nthuav qhia ntawm cov kab nrib pleb sab hauv, nws yog ib txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuam xyuas cov qauv kev ncaj ncees. Nws yuav tsum ua raws li GB/T 5777-2019 tus qauv thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau cov kav dej siab.
3. Kev Ntsuas Penetrant (PT): Muaj feem xyuam rau cov khoom tsis yog -ferromagnetic xws li stainless hlau. Nws txheeb xyuas cov kab nrib pleb qhib los ntawm kev ntsuas qhov tob tob. Kev ua haujlwm yog yooj yim tab sis txwv rau qhov tsis xws luag.
4. Eddy Current Testing (ET): Tsim nyog rau kev tshuaj ntsuam online sai. Nws yog rhiab heev rau cov kab nrib pleb, folds, thiab lwm yam tsis xws luag thiab feem ntau siv rau kev saib xyuas zoo hauv cov txheej txheem ntau lawm.
✅ Nws raug nquahu kom siv MT + UT ua ke kom ua tiav kev kuaj xyuas tag nrho ntawm ob qho tib si saum npoo thiab sab hauv.
III. Crack Cause Analysis (Kev Tiv Thaiv Rov Qab)
Kev tawg tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov khoom siv tsis xws luag, cua sov tsis sib xws, dov kev ntxhov siab, lossis kev kho cua sov tsis raug. Piv txwv li:
Cov kab nrib pleb uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib koom lossis thaj chaw sib cais qhia txog cov teeb meem zoo;
Cov kab nrib pleb faib raws qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov cua sov tsis sib xws;
Cov kab nrib pleb nquag tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw hloov pauv sai ntawm phab ntsa thickness qhia cov txheej txheem parameter tsis sib haum;
Kev tsom xam microstructural qhia ntxhib martensite qhia tau hais tias kev ntxhov siab tawg vim yog quenching ceev heev thiab txias;
Kev qaug zog streaks pom nyob rau hauv electron microscopy ntawm lub pob txha tawg qhia tias qaug zog propagation nyob rau hauv ntev - lub sij hawm load.
🔍 Yog tias nws yog ib pawg ntawm cov kab nrib pleb, taug qab rov qab mus rau tib pawg ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, kev kho cua sov tsis zoo, thiab cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm cav.
IV. Kev tswj cov txheej txheem thiab kev txiav txim siab
1. Cov xwm txheej yuav tsum tau hloov
Cracks nkag mus rau hauv cov yeeb nkab phab ntsa, ntev> 50mm, nyob rau hauv lub siab tseem ceeb-cov kabmob; Ntau qhov sib tshuam los yog ceg tawg;
→ Hloov tag nrho seem; kev kho vuam yog txwv nruj heev.
2. Kev kho mob xwm txheej ceev ib ntus (tsuas yog tsawg-siab tsis muaj-tseem ceeb)
Siv hlau kho cov nplaum lossis lub tes tsho txhua yam rau kev txhawb nqa; Qhov no tsuas yog ib qho kev hloov pauv hloov pauv thiab yuav tsum tau npaj kom sai li sai tau.
3. Tso cai kho qhov xwm txheej
Rau cov kab nrib pleb, kev sib tsoo hauv zos tuaj yeem siv rau kev hloov pauv (R lub kaum sab xis loj dua lossis sib npaug li 3 hli); Tom qab kho, MT lossis PT yuav tsum tau ua dua kom paub meej tias tsis muaj qhov seem seem.
V. Cov lus qhia txog kev tiv thaiv kab mob
1. Qhov Chaw Tswj: Xaiv high-purity billets, tswj S thiab P cov ntsiab lus <0.025%, thiab suav nrog qib tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 2;
2. Kev ua kom zoo tshaj plaws: xyuas kom cov cua sov tsis sib xws (hauv ± 10 degree), thiab rationally teem piercing thiab dov tsis;
3. Kev tswj kev kho cua sov: ua kom tiav tempering li ntawm 2 teev tom qab quenching kom tsis txhob ncua kev tawg;
4. Kev Kho Cov Khoom Siv: Tsis tu ncua calibrate lub zeb centerline thiab hloov cov khoom hnav;
5. Kaw-Loop Inspection: Ua hydrostatic test + UT + MT triple test ntawm txhua cov yeeb nkab steel ua ntej tawm hauv lub Hoobkas.
✅ Hauv cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb xws li siab - siab boilers thiab roj thiab roj tsheb thauj mus los, ua ntej cov khoom lag luam nrog API 5CT thiab GB 5310 ntawv pov thawj los xyuas kom meej cov txheej txheem ua raws li qhov chaw.
