I. Qhov tshwm sim thiab qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw: Thawj kab ntawm kev tiv thaiv
High- zoo seamless steel kav yuav tsum muaj ib tug du nto, ib tug metallic luster, thiab tsis muaj teeb meem. Tshawb xyuas cov yeeb nkab kom pom los yog nrog lub teeb pom kev zoo thaum tig nws, tsom rau cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no:
1. Cov kab nrib pleb lossis cov kab plaub hau: Cov kab nrib pleb zoo faib rau hauv cov kab ncaj nraim los yog kauv, nrog qhov tob tshaj 0.1 hli, suav tias yog qhov tsis xws luag.
2. Folds: Kev txo qis ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau saum npoo sib tshooj, sib sau ua ke. Kev khoov tom ntej yuav yooj yim ua rau tawg, txo qis zog.
3. Scales thiab Peeling: Nyias hlau flakes adhering rau saum npoo los yog hauv zos tev tawm, cuam tshuam rau lub siab tsis kam thiab corrosion kuj.
4. Pitting thiab Indentations: Patches ntawm me me indentations los yog ntau indentations, feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm tuag hnav los yog oxide scale indentation.
5. Cov kab xiav, dov dabtsi yog khoov, thiab khawb: Cov no muaj kev cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tsis zoo thiab tuaj yeem dhau los ua cov ntsiab lus kev ntxhov siab, ua rau qaug zog tsis ua haujlwm. ✅ Nws raug nquahu kom kuaj xyuas txhua cov yeeb nkab ib leeg nyob rau hauv lub teeb pom kev txaus, thiab siv lub iav tsom iav los pab txheeb xyuas qhov teeb meem me yog tias tsim nyog.
II. Geometric Dimensions thiab Shape: Qhov tseeb txiav txim siab sib tw
Dimensional deviations ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau installation sealing thiab siab bearing peev xwm, thiab yuav tsum tau nruj me ntsis ntsuas:
1. Sab nrauv thiab phab ntsa Thickness: Siv vernier calipers los yog ultrasonic thickness gauge ntsuas tsawg kawg yog 8 cov ntsiab lus ntawm ob qhov kawg ntawm cov yeeb nkab steel kom ua raws li cov qauv xws li GB / T 17395.
2. Ovality Control: Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws thiab qhov tsawg kawg nkaus sab nraud yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 80% ntawm qhov kam rau ua; txwv tsis pub, flange kev twb kev txuas sealing yuav raug cuam tshuam.
3. Ntev thiab Curvature: Qhov tso cai sib txawv rau qhov ntev ntawm qhov ruaj khov -length yeeb nkab yog 0 txog +20 hli; qhov curvature ib 'meter' yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 1.5 hli, thiab tag nrho curvature yuav tsum tau raws li tus qauv.
4. Kev kho lub ntsej muag kawg: Kev txiav yuav tsum yog perpendicular mus rau lub axis, tsis muaj burrs, thiab lub bevel lub kaum sab xis thiab blunt ntug yuav tsum tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau tsim.
III. Internal Defect Detection: Unseen Risks Yuav tsum tau saib xyuas ntau dua
Internal zais kev phom sij tsis tuaj yeem tshawb pom los ntawm kev soj ntsuam pom ib leeg; Cov txheej txheem tsis yog -kev kuaj kev puas tsuaj (NDT) yog qhov tseem ceeb:
1. Ultrasonic Testing (UT): rhiab heev rau cov kab nrib pleb, inclusions, thiab porosity; haum rau homogeneous cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ntau hom.
2. Eddy Current Testing (ET): Feem ntau yog siv los txheeb xyuas qhov tsis xws luag ntawm qhov chaw xws li qhov; haum rau siab -kev soj ntsuam online ceev.
3. Sib Nqus Particle Testing (MT): Tsim nyog rau kev kuaj xyuas qhov chaw thiab nyob ze - cov kab nrib pleb hauv cov ntaub ntawv ferromagnetic; siab rhiab heev.
4. Kev Ntsuas Penetrant (PT): Siv los kuaj xyuas qhov chaw qhib qhov tsis xws hauv cov khoom tsis yog -ferromagnetic (xws li stainless hlau).
5. Radiographic Testing (RT): tuaj yeem pom qhov pom ntawm qhov tsis xws luag xws li cov kab noj hniav thiab qhov porosity, tab sis nws kim dua.
⚠️ Rau siab -siab, siab- kub, lossis kev nyab xeeb- cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb (xws li boilers thiab roj / roj tsheb thauj mus los), 100% NDT yuav tsum tau ua.
IV. Chemical Composition Analysis: Cov khoom siv yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua tau zoo Cov khoom siv ntawm cov kav hlau steel yog txiav txim siab los ntawm lawv cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas siv cov cuab yeej tshaj lij:
1. Kev Ntsuas Cov Ntsiab Tseem Ceeb: suav nrog carbon (C), silicon (Si), manganese (Mn), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), thiab lwm yam, kom ntseeg tau tias ua tau raws li cov qauv qib steel sib xws (xws li 20#, 12Cr1MoV, 304).
2. Kev Tiv Thaiv Cov Khoom Uas Muaj Teeb Meem: Cov khoom seem xws li arsenic, tin, thiab antimony yuav tsum nruj me ntsis txwv kom tsis txhob nkig tawg.
3. Gas Content Analysis: Ntau cov nitrogen thiab oxygen cov ntsiab lus yuav txo cov khoom toughness; yuav tsum muaj N-O analyzer.
✅ Thaum yuav khoom, thov daim ntawv pov thawj khoom siv (MTC) thiab xyuas kom meej tias daim ntawv qhia txog tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg yog raws li cov qauv.
V. Cov cuab yeej siv tshuab thiab thev naus laus zis: Tshawb xyuas kev ntseeg siab hauv kev siv tiag tiag kuaj kuaj xyuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov kav dej steel raws li qhov tiag - ntiaj teb kev ua haujlwm:
1. Tensile Test: Txiav txim siab tensile lub zog, yield zog, thiab elongation los soj ntsuam cov khoom siv zog thiab yas.
2. Impact Test: Ntsuas toughness ntawm qhov kub thiab txias los tiv thaiv nkig tawg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau cov ntawv thov hauv cov cheeb tsam txias.
3. Hardness Test: Reflects lub℃ntawm kev ua hauj lwm hardening ntawm cov khoom; hardness ntau dhau yuav cuam tshuam rau weldability.
4. Hydrostatic Test: Kev ntsuam xyuas lub siab ua haujlwm ntev tshaj 30 feeb yam tsis muaj qhov to, txheeb xyuas qhov siab -cov kabmob muaj peev xwm; haum rau cov kav dej.
5. Flattening thiab Flaring Test: Tshawb xyuas qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov yeeb nkab steel nyob rau hauv cov yas deformation kom tsis txhob tawg thaum ua haujlwm tom ntej.
VI. Cov lus pom zoo: Yuav ua li cas kom ntseeg tau qhov khoom zoo?
1. Xaiv cov tuam txhab muaj npe nrov thiab zoo- cov npe nrov: cov txheej txheem tsim khoom lag luam, cov txheej txheem tswj kom zoo, thiab txhim khu kev qha tom qab - kev muag khoom.
2. Thov daim ntawv qhia ua tiav: suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv qub xws li tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov khoom siv kho tshuab, thiab tsis yog- kuaj kev puas tsuaj, ua kom muaj kev sib raug zoo.
3. Txheeb xyuas cov ntawv sau npe: Cov yeeb nkab steel lub cev yuav tsum tau sau nrog cov ntaub ntawv xws li qib steel, cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb, tus lej tus lej, cov lej ntau lawm, thiab cov khoom lag luam cim.
4. Zam cov khoom uas tsis tshua muaj nqi: Cov khoom lag luam raug nqi qis dua tus nqi lag luam yuav muaj teeb meem xws li kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo lossis cov khoom siv tsis zoo.
