I. Tiv thaiv cov khoom tsis xws luag: Kev tswj cov "Qhov Chaw"
Khoom siv yog lub hauv paus rau steel yeeb nkab kev ua tau zoo. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj tshuaj lom neeg tsis zoo lossis siv cov khoom tsis zoo:
1. nruj me ntsis xaiv cov khoom tsim nyog steel billets: Ua ntej nruam nruam cov kab hlau rhuav vim lawv cov khoom sib xws, zoo nto zoo, thiab tus nqi qis.
2. Tswj cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom tsis zoo: nruj me ntsis txwv cov khoom seem xws li arsenic (As), tin (Sn), antimony (Sb), thiab lead (Pb) kom tsis txhob npau taws.
3. Siv cov txheej txheem ladle refining thiab remelting: Txhim kho cov purity ntawm molten steel thiab txo cov uas tsis yog -hlau inclusions los ntawm LF furnaces, VD nqus tsev kho mob, los yog electroslag remelting (ESR).
4. Txheeb xyuas Cov Khoom Siv Xeem Ntawv Pov Thawj (MTC): Tshawb xyuas daim ntawv pov thawj Mill Test Certificate muab los ntawm lub zeb zeb thaum lub sij hawm yuav khoom kom paub meej tias cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg yog raws li cov qauv.
II. Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Puas Tsuaj Nto: Ua kom zoo rau cov txheej txheem thiab cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm
Cov kev puas tsuaj ntawm qhov chaw feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev dov, tuav, lossis cov khoom siv teeb meem thiab tuaj yeem tiv thaiv los ntawm cov hauv qab no:
1. Ua kom lub ntsej muag pob zeb huv si thiab muaj qhov tsis xws luag -dawb: Tshem tawm cov nplais oxide, tawg, khawb, thiab lwm yam khoom qub ua ntej tho los tiv thaiv lawv cov kev nthuav tawm thaum lub sij hawm deformation.
2. Set appropriate rolling parameters: Avoid excessively high heating temperatures (>1050 degree) uas ua rau cov nplej ntxhib, lossis kub dhau heev uas ua rau cov yas tsis txaus thiab tawg.
3. Txhim kho lubrication thiab tuag mob: tsis tu ncua ntxuav qhov tuag nto kom zoo lubrication thiab tiv thaiv "steel sticking," uas tuaj yeem ua rau khawb, khawb, lossis creases.
4. Txhim kho txoj haujlwm ncaj nraim thiab tuav: Siv cov cuab yeej nqa tshwj xeeb kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib tsoo ntawm cov kav hlau uas tuaj yeem ua rau dents, flattening, lossis abrasions.
III. Tswj Dimensional Deviations: Txhim kho cov cuab yeej Precision thiab kev soj ntsuam cov txheej txheem
Dimensional raug ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau kev sib dhos thiab kev sib khi ua haujlwm, yuav tsum muaj ob - txoj hauv kev tsom mus rau ob qho khoom siv thiab txheej txheem:
1. Precise Calibration of Sizing and Reducing Mills: Ua kom cov machining qhov tseeb thiab tsim nyog faib cov deformation thoob plaws txhua qhov chaw kom tsis txhob muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm txoj kab nruab nrab.
2. Tswj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov txheej txheem kav dej: Kev ua siab ntev ntev ntawm txoj kab uas hla thiab ellipticity tuaj yeem ua rau cov mandrel txo qis, ua rau sab hauv khoov lossis cov phab ntsa tsis sib xws.
3. Txhim kho Kev Tshawb Fawb Hauv Online: Ua haujlwm laser txoj kab uas hla gauges thiab tiag - lub sij hawm ultrasonic phab ntsa thickness xyuas tshuab kom sai ntes thiab kho deviations.
4. Kev Tswj Xyuas Cov Txias Txias Txias: Tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob txias txias los ntawm kev ua rau cov yeeb nkab steel dabtsi yog khoov lossis ellipticity ntau dhau.
IV. Xyuas kom muaj cov cuab yeej siv tshuab: Kev tshawb fawb tsim cov txheej txheem kho cua sov
Unqualified mechanical zog feem ntau stems los ntawm uncontrolled cua sov kho. Cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no yuav tsum tau hais txog:
1. Rationally Designing Heat Treatment Processes: Tsim cov quenching thiab tempering kub thiab tuav lub sij hawm raws li qib steel los xyuas kom meej cov microstructure uniform (xws li pearlite + ferrite) thiab tsis txhob coarse nplej.
2. Lub sij hawm annealing tom qab multi- dhau qhov txias txias: Tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm ntau dhau, uas tuaj yeem ua rau txo qis plasticity thiab tom qab tawg thaum ua haujlwm.
3. Tswj tus nqi cua txias: Tsis txhob ua kom txias ceev kom tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau, uas tuaj yeem ua rau deformation lossis tawg.
Ua tag nrho -batch Mechanical Property Testing: Nrog rau kev ntsuas tensile, hardness, thiab cuam tshuam los xyuas kom meej tias lub zog tensile, qhov taw tes tawm, thiab elongation ua tau raws li cov qauv.
V. Tshem tawm cov teeb meem sab hauv: Txhim kho qhov tsis yog -kev ntsuas kev puas tsuaj thiab kev tswj cov txheej txheem. Internal defects yog heev zais thiab yuav tsum tau hais los ntawm ib tug ua ke ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev optimization txheej txheem:
1. Txhim khu kev tswj xyuas zoo ntawm cov billets: tshem tawm qhov tsis xws luag xws li porosity, shrinkage kab noj hniav, thiab kev koom ua ke los tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm kev hloov mus rau hauv delamination lossis cov kab nrib pleb sab hauv thaum dov.
2. Siv tag nrho- txheej txheem kuaj ultrasonic (UT): Ua 100% tag nrho- kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov raj ua tiav txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov tsis xws luag xws li suav nrog, delamination, thiab cov kab nrib pleb sab hauv.
3. Tiv thaiv eccentricity thiab creases: Thaum lub sij hawm txias txias, tswj lub deformation ib kis mus rau tsis ntau tshaj 8%, thiab cov duab ceev kom tsawg tshaj li 1.5 m / s kom tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab concentration uas yuav ua rau creases los yog tawg.
4. Saib xyuas qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm rhiab heev hauv cov kav hlau tsis muaj steel: Tsim nyog tswj cov tshuaj kho qhov kub thiab txias npaum li cas los tiv thaiv intergranular corrosion.
