I. Cov Khoom Siv Tsis Zoo: Kev txheeb xyuas qhov phom sij zais ntawm qib "Genetic".
Cov khoom siv yog lub hauv paus ntawm steel yeeb nkab kev ua tau zoo. Yog tias cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg tsis zoo, xws li qib qis lossis hloov pauv ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb xws li carbon, chromium, thiab molybdenum, lossis ntau ntau cov teeb meem seem xws li arsenic, tin, thiab antimony, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo xws li nkag thiab tawg tawg thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm siab - kub.
Txoj Kev Qhia Txog Tus Kheej: Ceev nrooj txiav txim siab cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas siv kho qhov muag emission spectrometry (OES), ua ke nrog cov pa roj carbon infrared- tsom xam cov tshuaj sulfur kom pom cov ntsiab lus gaseous, kom ntseeg tau tias ua raws li cov qauv qib yuav tsum tau ua.
Txoj Kev Tshawb Fawb: Thaum lub sijhawm yuav khoom, txheeb xyuas Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj Khoom Siv (MTC) uas tau muab los ntawm lub tshuab steel kom paub meej tias qhov sib xws hauv cov txheej txheem smelting thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg, tiv thaiv kev siv cov khoom tsis zoo (xws li, siv 20 # hlau zoo tib yam rau 20G boiler raj).
II. Deg Defects: Pom tau tab sis Unignorable Risks
Cov teeb meem saum npoo feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm kev dov tsis zoo, cua sov, lossis tuav. Txawm hais tias tsis yog qhov tob tob, lawv tuaj yeem yooj yim los ua cov ntsiab lus corrosion pib lossis cov ntsiab lus kev ntxhov siab.
Hom: Cracks (ncaj los yog kauv), folds (hlau txheej pressed nyob rau hauv), nti (localized pits), khawb (khoom thauj mus los), residual oxide nplai ( cuam tshuam rau txheej adhesion).
Kev txheeb xyuas cov txheej txheem: Kev soj ntsuam pom nyob rau hauv lub teeb txaus, siv 10x magnifying iav los soj ntsuam cov teeb meem hauv feeb; rau ferromagnetic steel kav, sib nqus particle kuaj (MT) tuaj yeem siv los nthuav tawm cov kab nrib pleb; rau cov hlau tsis muaj steel, kev ntsuam xyuas penetrant (PT) yog siv los pab txiav txim.
III. Dimensional deviations: Cov yam tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau kev sib dhos thiab kev sib khi. Geometric raug ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau installation compatibility thiab system sealing; ib qho kev sib txawv tuaj yeem ua rau xau lossis txuas tsis ua haujlwm.
Cov teeb meem tseem ceeb: Cov kab npoo sab nraud hloov pauv, cov phab ntsa tuab tsis sib xws, ntau dhau ellipticity, thiab curvature ntau dhau (feem ntau hu ua "gooseneck khoov"). Kev txheeb xyuas cov txheej txheem: Siv micrometers thiab vernier calipers los ntsuas cov kab sab nraud thiab phab ntsa tuab ntawm ntau lub ntsiab lus thiab sau cov txiaj ntsig huab; siv ultrasonic thickness gauges rau non-kev puas tsuaj nruam thickness ntsuas; siv laser txoj kab uas hla gauges los saib xyuas lub sab nraud txoj kab uas hla thiab ellipticity hauv internet nrog ib tug raug ntawm 0.01mm; siv tus pas ntsuas thiab txoj kab zoo los ntsuas qhov curvature ib 'meter', nrog rau tus qauv yuav tsum tau tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 2 hli / m.
IV. Substandard Mechanical Properties: Hidden Load-Bearing Capacity Crisis
Txawm hais tias cov tsos mob tsis zoo, cov txheej txheem kho cua sov uas tsis tswj tau tuaj yeem ua rau lub zog tsis txaus thiab tsis muaj zog, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg sai sai.
Core Indicators: Tensile zog, tawm lub zog, elongation, hardness, cuam tshuam toughness.
Kev txheeb xyuas tus kheej:
Tensile Test: Txiav txim siab qhov kawg load- bearing peev xwm ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv tensile quab yuam;
Hardness Test (Bristol/Rockwell): Ceev nrooj soj ntsuam cov nyhuv ntawm kev kho cua sov;
Impact Test: Kev ntsuam xyuas tsis kam rau cov pob txha tawg ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim rau cov kav dej uas siv rau hauv cheeb tsam txias;
Hydraulic Pressure Test: Tuav lub siab rau ntau tshaj 30 feeb los kuaj xyuas cov dej xau los yog cov yas deformation, ncaj qha txheeb xyuas qhov ua haujlwm siab.
V. Internal Structural Defects: Siab zais cia tab sis muaj kev phom sij heev
Cov teeb meem no tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muag thiab yuav tsum tau kuaj pom siv tsis yog -kev ntsuas kev puas tsuaj thiab kev tshuaj xyuas metallographic.
Hom Hom: Inclusions and porosity (smelting residues), delamination and internal cracks (unwelded steel billets), intergranular corrosion (ua los ntawm stainless hlau sensitization). Kev txheeb xyuas cov txheej txheem:
Kev kuaj ultrasonic (UT): Thawj txoj hauv kev, muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas thaj chaw- hom kev tsis xws li cov kab nrib pleb sab hauv, suav nrog, thiab delamination. Nws muaj rhiab heev thiab haum rau tag nrho - lub cev scanning;
Kev ntsuam xyuas hluav taws xob (RT): Muab cov duab nkag siab ntawm qhov tsis xws luag xws li porosity thiab inclusions, tab sis muaj qis rhiab heev rau tawg - yam tsis xws luag;
Metallographic tsom xam: Tom qab ua piv txwv, soj ntsuam qhov loj me, tsis yog{0}}cov khoom siv hlau, decarburized txheej, theem faib, thiab lwm yam, los txiav txim seb qhov kev kho cua sov puas tsim nyog, thiab tus nqi raws li GB/T 6394 thiab GB/T 10561.
